Optics Unit 2
Guidelines for Drawing Ray Diagrams
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Converging Lenses
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Diverging Lenses
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Parallel Ray
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A ray entering the lense parallel to the optical axis exits the lense through the secondary focal point. | A ray entering the lense parallel to the optical axis appears to have come from the primary focus. |
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Focal Ray
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A ray passing through the primary focal point leaves the lens parallel to the optical axis. | A ray heading towards the secondary focus exits the lens parallel to the optical axis. |
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Chief Ray
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A ray passing through the center of a lens continues in a straight path. | A ray passing through the center of a lens continues in a straight path. |
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Focal Length (ƒ)
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Positive
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Negative
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Concave Mirrors
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Convex Mirrors
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Parallel Ray
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A ray striking the mirror parallel to the optical axis is reflected back through the focal point. | A ray striking the mirror parallel to the optical axis is reflected back as if it appears to have come from the focal point (behind the mirror). |
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Focal Ray
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A ray passing through the primary focal point is reflected back parallel to the optical axis. | A ray heading towards the focal point (behind the mirror) is reflected back parallel to the optical axis. |
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Chief Ray
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A ray passing through the center of curvature is reflected back upon itself. | A ray heading towards the center of curvature (behind the mirror) is reflected back upon itself. |
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Focal Length (ƒ)
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Positive
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Negative
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| THIN LENS MIRROR EQUATION: |  |
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| Concave Lens | Convex Lens | Concave Mirror | Convex Mirror |
Click the links on the left to view the notes and worksheets for this unit. Some are provided in pdf (portable document format). You will need a pdf reader to open them. You can get a viewer for free here.
2004- 2005 Bob Everly
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